Flowering herb, Achillea millefolium L., Compositae. Habit. Europe, Asia, naturalized in U.S. Extensively used as herbal remedy by many cultures. Constituents of plant and of the volatile oil may vary depending on origin of plant. Identification of constituents: Pailer, Kump, Monatsh. Chem. 90, 395 (1959); eidem, Arch. Pharm. 293, 646 (1960); A. J. Falk et al., J. Nat. Prod. 37, 598 (1974); R. F. Chandler et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 71, 690 (1982). Isoln of anti-inflammatory constituents: A. S. Goldberg, J. Pharm. Sci. 58, 938 (1969). Phytopharmacology: J. P. Tewari et al., Indian J. Med. Sci. 28, 331 (1974). Review of medicinal uses and composition: R. F. Chandler et al., Econ. Bot. 36, 203-223 (1982); J. Gruenwald et al., PDR for Herbal Medicines (Medical Economics, Montvale, 2nd Ed., 2000) pp 833-835.
Obtained by steam distillation of leaves and tops. Constit. Chamazulene (0-40%), camphor, β-pinene, cineol, caryophyllene.
Carminative; cholagogue; antiseptic.