105. Achillea

Nomenclature

Milfoil; yarrow; thousand-leaf.

Description and references

Flowering herb, Achillea millefolium L., Compositae. Habit. Europe, Asia, naturalized in U.S. Extensively used as herbal remedy by many cultures. Constituents of plant and of the volatile oil may vary depending on origin of plant. Identification of constituents: Pailer, Kump, Monatsh. Chem. 90, 395 (1959); eidem, Arch. Pharm. 293, 646 (1960); A. J. Falk et al., J. Nat. Prod. 37, 598 (1974); R. F. Chandler et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 71, 690 (1982). Isoln of anti-inflammatory constituents: A. S. Goldberg, J. Pharm. Sci. 58, 938 (1969). Phytopharmacology: J. P. Tewari et al., Indian J. Med. Sci. 28, 331 (1974). Review of medicinal uses and composition: R. F. Chandler et al., Econ. Bot. 36, 203-223 (1982); J. Gruenwald et al., PDR for Herbal Medicines (Medical Economics, Montvale, 2nd Ed., 2000) pp 833-835.

Derivative

Volatile oil.

Nomenclature

CAS number: 8022-07-9
Oil of yarrow.

Description and references

Obtained by steam distillation of leaves and tops. Constit. Chamazulene (0-40%), camphor, β-pinene, cineol, caryophyllene.

Properties

Blue liquid. d2020 0.905-0.925. Insol in water; very sol in alc, ether. Keep well closed, cool and protected from light.

Use

In hair preparations and skin lotions for cleansing and to promote healing.

Therapeutic Category

Carminative; cholagogue; antiseptic.