Found in the rhizomes of the male fern, Aspidium filix mas (L.) Schott., Dryopteris filix mas (L.) Schott., A. spinulosum, Polypodiaceae and other ferns. Isoln from Aspidium extract: Boehm, Ann. 318, 305 (1901); McGookin et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1953, 1828; see also Tryon et al., Phytochemistry 12, 683 (1973). Isoln as one component of a homologous mixture: Penttila, Sundman, Acta Chem. Scand. 18, 344 (1964). Synthesis: Riedl, Mitteldorf, Ber. 89, 2595 (1956); Inagaki et al., J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. 76, 1258 (1956). Biosynthetic studies: Penttila, Fales, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 2327 (1966).