Synthetic, 24 base phosphothioate oligodeoxynucleotide containing multiple cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) motifs. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist that stimulates B-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Prepn: A. M. Krieg, WO 9818810; idem, US 7223741 (1998, 2007 both to Univ. Iowa Res. Foundn.). Immunostimulant effect on human dendritic cells: G. Hartmann et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 9305 (1999) DOI PubMed. CGE determn in plasma and metabolism study: B. O. Noll et al., Biochem. Pharmacol. 69, 981 (2005) DOI PubMed. Clinical evaluation as vaccine adjuvant: C. L. Cooper et al., J. Clin. Immunol. 24, 693 (2004) DOI PubMed; eidem, Vaccine 22, 3136 (2004) DOI PubMed; as immunostimulant in metastatic melanoma: M. Pashenkov et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 24, 5716 (2006) DOI PubMed. Review of clinical development in cancer therapy: Y. M. Murad et al., Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 7, 1257-1266 (2007) DOI PubMed.
Antineoplastic; immunomodulator.
Antineoplastic; Oligonucleotides; Immunomodulator