Nomenclature
CAS number: 1309-64-4
Antimony oxide (Sb
2O
3); diantimony trioxide; flowers of antimony; exitelite; senarmontite; valentinite; weisspiessglanz.
O
3Sb
2; mol wt 291.52.
O 16.46%, Sb 83.53%.
Sb
2O
3.
Description and references
Laboratory prepn from SbCl3 and
water: Schenk in Handbook of Preparative
Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed.
(Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1963) p 615. Obtained from antimony
ore minerals by a volatilization (roasting) process: L. D. Freedman
in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 3 (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 3rd ed., 1978)
pp 107-108. Toxicity study: H. F. Smyth et al., J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 30, 63 (1948).
Properties
Crystals, polymorphic. mp 655°. bp 1425°; bp210 870°. Sublimes in high vacuum at 400°. Exists in the
vapor phase as Sb4O6. Heat capacity at 21°
(294.4 K): 24.11 cal/g-atom/°C. See: Anderson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 52, 2712 (1930). Heat of vaporization: 17.82
kcal/mol. Slightly sol in water, dilute H2SO4, or dilute HNO3. Soly in dil HCl (0.1 moles HCl/kg H2O): ≈1 × 104 g-atoms Sb/kg H2O. See: Gayer, Garrett, ibid. 74, 2353 (1952). Soly increases with increasing HCl concn: Lea, Wood, J. Chem. Soc. 125, 137 (1924). Sol in solns of alkali hydroxides
or sulfides, in warm soln of tartaric acid, or of bitartrates. LD50 orally in rats:
>20 g/kg (Smyth).Use
Manuf tartar emetic; as paint pigment; in enamels
and glasses; as mordant; in flame-proofing canvas.