845. Asphalt

Nomenclature

Asphaltum; mineral pitch; Judean pitch; bitumen.

Description and references

Bituminous substance resulting from petroleum by evaporation of lighter hydrocarbons and partial oxidation of the residue. Occurs in West Indies (chiefly Trinidad), Venezuela, Dead Sea, Switzerland, etc.

Properties

The “Syriac” asphalt (from the Dead Sea) forms deep black, shining, brittle masses of conchoidal fracture; faint, pitch-like odor and luster. d 1.00-1.18. Flammable. Insol in water, alc, acids, alkalies. Sol in oil turpentine, petroleum, CS2, chloroform, ether, acetone.

Caution

Potential symptoms of overexposure to fumes are irritation of eyes and respiratory system. Potential occupational carcinogen. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 22.

Use

Making roads, roofs; making tanks watertight.