Description and references

Mol wt estimated at 50,000 depending on source and method of prepn: Schubert, Fed. Proc. 17, 1099 (1958). High viscosity mucopolysaccharides (glycosaminoglycans) with N-acetylchondrosine as a repeating unit and with one sulfate group per disaccharide unit. These biological polymers act as the flexible connecting matrix between the tough protein filaments in cartilage to form a polymeric system similar to reinforced rubber. Chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate are the most abundant mucopolysaccharides in the body and occur both in skeletal and soft connective tissue. Isoln: Bray et al., Biochem. J. 38, 142 (1944); Patat, Elias, Z. Physiol. Chem. 316, 1 (1959); Kasavina et al., SU 157466 (1962); Wheat, Davidson, Biochem. Prep. 10, 52 (1963); Haneno, JP 64 7650 (1964 to Yasushi Hano). Structure: Davidson, Meyer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 4796 (1955). Absorption spectrum of A: Orr, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 14, 173 (1954); of B + C: Mathews, Nature 181, 421 (1958). Clinical trials in atherosclerosis: K. Nakazawa, K. Murata, J. Int. Med. Res. 6, 217 (1978); eidem, Z. Alternsforsch. 34, 153 (1979). Reviews: K. Meyer, “Chondroitin Sulfates” in Polysaccharides in Biology, Trans. 4th Conf. 1958, G. F. Springer, Ed. (Josiah Macy Jr. Foundn., New York, 1959) p 11; Muir, Am. J. Med. 47, 673-690 (1969); Rodén, Pure Appl. Chem. 35, 181-193 (1973). Review of clinical use in osteoarthritis: T. E. McAlindon et al., J. Am. Med. Assoc. 283, 1469-1475 (2000). See also Chondrosine.

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