Antagonist of naturally occurring purines: Hitchings, Elion in Metabolic Inhibitors vol. I, R. M. Hochster, J. H. Quastel, Eds. (Academic Press, New York, 1963) pp 216-232. Molecular and electronic structure: Veillard, Pullman, J. Theor. Biol. 4, 37 (1963). First synthesized by Traube, Ber. 37, 4547 (1904) by cyclization of 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine. Prepn from guanidine carbonate in 70% yield and refs to earlier prepns: Taylor et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 2442 (1959).