3727. Ethanolamine

Nomenclature

CAS number: 141-43-5
2-Aminoethanol; monoethanolamine; β-aminoethyl alcohol; 2-hydroxyethylamine; β-hydroxyethylamine; ethylolamine; colamine.
C2H7NO; mol wt 61.08.
C 39.33%, H 11.55%, N 22.93%, O 26.19%.

Description and references

Prepd on a large scale by ammonolysis of ethylene oxide: Knorr, Ber. 30, 909 (1897); FR 650574 (1928 to I. G. Farben); Reid, Lewis, US 1904013 (1933 to Carbide & Carbon); Schwoegler, Olin, US 2373199 (1945 to Sharples). Also from nitromethane and formaldehyde: Ullmanns Encyklop"adie der technischen Chemie 3, 102 (3rd ed., 1953). Manuf: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 339-344. Toxicity: H. F. Smyth et al., J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 23, 259 (1941).

Chemical structure

Properties

Viscous, hygroscopic liq. Ammoniacal odor. Absorbs CO2. d425 1.0117; d440 0.9998; d460 0.9844. One gallon weighs 8.45 lbs in the U.S.A. Viscosity at 25°: 18.95 cP; at 60°: 5.03 cP. mp 10.3°. bp760 170.8°; bp12 70-72°. Strong base. pKa at 25°: 9.4. pH of 25% aq soln: 12.1; of 0.1N aq soln: 12.05. nD20 1.4539. Dipole moment 2.27. Flash pt 195°F. Misc with water, methanol, acetone. Soly at 25°: benzene 1.4%; ether 2.1%; carbon tetrachloride 0.2%; n-heptane <0.1%. LD50 orally in rats: 10.20 g/kg (Smyth).

Derivative

Hydrochloride.

Nomenclature

CAS number: 2002-24-6
C2H7NO.HCl; mol wt 97.54.
C 24.63%, H 8.27%, N 14.36%, O 16.40%, Cl 36.35%.

Properties

Deliquesc crystals from alc, mp 75-77°.

Derivative

Oleate.

Nomenclature

CAS number: 2272-11-9
Antivariz; Esclerosina; Ethamolin (Schwarz).
C2H7NO.C18H34O2; mol wt 343.54.
C 69.92%, H 12.03%, N 4.08%, O 13.97%.

Description and references

Use as a sclerosing agent: S. E. Hedberg et al., Am. J. Surg. 143, 426 (1982).

Caution

Potential symptoms of overexposure to ethanolamine are irritation of eyes, skin, respiratory system; lethargy. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 128.

Use

To remove CO2 and H2S from natural gas and other gases; in the synthesis of surface active agents; in polishes, hair waving solns, in emulsifiers; as softening agent for hides; dispersing agent for agricultural chemicals. Is reacted with other substances to form an accelerator in the manuf of antibiotics. Pharmaceutic aid (surfactant).

Therapeutic Category

Oleate as sclerosing agent.

Keywords

Sclerosing Agent