Cytokine with antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activity produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by certain synthetic polynucleotides. One of the type I interferons. Glycoprotein containing 166 amino acids; mol wt ≈20 kDa. Production by human fibroblast cell cultures: E. A. Havell, J. Vilcek, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2, 476 (1972). Purification and initial characterization: E. Knight, Jr., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 520 (1976). Amino acid analysis, partial sequence: idem et al., Science 207, 525 (1980); S. Stein et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 5716 (1980). Production by recombinant DNA technology: T. Taniguchi et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 5230 (1980); R. Derynck et al., Nature 285, 542 (1980); D. V. Goeddel et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 8, 4057 (1980). Review of therapeutic activity in viral disease and in multiple sclerosis (MS): J. J. Alam, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 6, 688-691 (1995).
Natural interferon produced by cell cultured human fibroblasts. Clinical evaluation in MS: L. Jacobs et al., Arch. Neurol. 44, 589 (1987); in herpes simplex infections: M. Glezerman et al., Lancet 1, 150 (1988). Review of industrial prepn: M. Morandi, A. Valeri, Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol. 37, 57-72 (1988).
Recombinant human IFN-β produced in Chinese Hamster ovary cells. Glycoprotein consisting of 166 amino acid residues; contains ≈11% carbohydrate by weight. Clinical trial in MS: L. D. Jacobs et al., Ann. Neurol. 39, 285 (1996).
Nonglycosylated polypeptide produced in E. coli. Consists of 165 amino acid residues; mol wt ≈18.5 kDa. Synthetic mutein having a serine substituted for the cysteine residue at position 17 of the native molecule. Prepn: D. F. Mark et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 5662 (1984). Review of clinical use in MS: D. E. Goodkin, Lancet 344, 1057-1060 (1994). Clinical pharmacokinetics: O. A. Khan et al., Neurology 46, 1639 (1996).
Antiviral; immunomodulator.
Antiviral; Immunomodulator