Potent derivative of fentanyl, q.v. Prepn: P. A. J. Janssen, FR M2430; idem, US 3164600 (1964, 1965 both to Janssen). This substance has erroneously been referred to as “China White”, the street term for very pure Southeast Asian heroin. Initial identification of “China White” as α-methylfentanyl: T. C. Kram et al., Anal. Chem. 53, 1379 A (1981). Molecular structure determn using tandem mass spectrometry: M. T. Cheng et al., ibid. 54, 2204 (1982). Identification and quantification in tissue: T. J. Gillespie et al., J. Anal. Toxicol. 6, 139 (1982). Confirmation of identity of “China White”: S. Suzuki et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 34, 1340 (1986). Immunoassay for detection of use in racehorses: J. McDonald et al., Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 57, 389 (1987).