Immunosuppressive and cytostatic anthracenedione. Prepn: R. K. Y. Zee-Cheng, C. C. Cheng, J. Med. Chem. 21, 291 (1978); K. C. Murdock et al., ibid. 22, 1024 (1979); eidem, DE 2835661; K. C. Murdock, F. E. Durr, US 4197249 (1979, 1980 both to Am. Cyanamid). Antitumor activity: R. E. Wallace et al., Cancer Res. 39, 1570 (1979). HPLC determn in plasma: K. T. Lin et al., J. Chromatogr. 465, 75 (1989). Clinical evaluation in indolent lymphomas: F. Hagemeister et al., Oncologist 10, 150 (2005); in neuromyelitis optica: B. Weinstock-Guttman et al., Arch. Neurol. 63, 957 (2006). Comprehensive description: J. H. Beijnen et al., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 17, 221-258 (1988). Review of toxicology: M. McDonald et al., Drugs Exp. Clin. Res. 10, 745-752 (1984); of pharmacology and clinical efficacy in cancer: J. Koeller, M. Eble, Clin. Pharm. 7, 574-581 (1988); of pharmacokinetics and metabolism: G. Ehninger et al., Clin. Pharmacokinet. 18, 365-380 (1990); of pharmacology and clinical efficacy in multiple sclerosis: E. J. Fox, Clin. Ther. 28, 461-474 (2006); O. Neuhaus et al., Pharmacol. Ther. 109, 198-209 (2006).
Antineoplastic; immunomodulator.
Antineoplastic; Immunomodulator; Topoisomerase II Inhibitor