Nomenclature
CAS number: 106392-12-5
Methyloxirane block polymer with oxirane; polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol block copolymer; α-hydro-ω-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)poly(oxypropylene)poly(oxyethylene)
block copolymer.
Description and references
Series of nonionic surfactants with the structure
HO(CH2CH2O)a(CH(CH3)CH2O)b(CH2CH2O)cH
where b is at least 15, a and c are approximately equal and the polyoxyethylene
content is 10 to 80% of the total polymer weight. Mol wt ranges from
1000 to >16,000. The polyoxypropylene segment is hydrophobic;
the polyoxyethylene segment hydrophilic. Prepn: L. G. Lundsted, US 2674619 (1954 to Wyandotte). Comprehensive description of manufacture and properties:
I. R. Schmolka in Nonionic Surfactants, M. Schick, Ed. (Dekker, New York, 1967) pp 300-371; I. F. Paterson et al. in Handbook of Engineering Polymeric
Materials, N. P. Cheremisinoff, Ed. (Marcel Dekker, New
York, 1997) pp 765-774. Review of chemistry and medical applications:
L. E. Reeve in Handbook of Biodegradable
Polymers, A. J. Domb et al., Eds. (Gordon &
Breach, New York, 1997) pp 231-249.
Properties
Mobile liquids, pastes or flakeable solids. Relatively
nonhygroscopic. Vary from water-insol to very water-sol compds; more
sol in cold than hot water. Low-foaming properties. Stable to acids,
alkalies, metallic ions.Derivative
Poloxalene.
Nomenclature
CAS number: 9003-11-6
SKF-18667; Bloat Guard (Phibro); Therabloat (Pfizer).
Description and references
a = 12, b = 34, c = 12; av. mol wt 3000. Use
in treatment of ruminant bloat: E. E. Bartley, G. C. Scott, US 3465083 (1969 to Kansas State
Univ. and SKF). Comparative field trial in cattle:
W. Majak et al., J. Anim. Sci. 73, 1493 (1995).
Derivative
Poloxamer 182.
Nomenclature
Pluronic L62. Properties
a = 8, b = 30, c = 8; av. mol wt 2500. Liquid, mp -4°. d2525 1.03.
Brookfield viscosity (25°): 450 cP; cloud pt (10% aq soln): 24°.
Sol in water, ethanol, toluene. Insol in kerosene, ethylene glycol.Derivative
Poloxamer 188.
Nomenclature
Exocorpol (Green Cross); Pluronic F68 (BASF); Synperonic PE/F68 (ICI). Properties
a = 75, b = 30, c = 75; av. mol wt 8400. Flakeable
solid. mp 52°.
Brookfield viscosity (77°): 1000 cP; cloud pt (10% aq soln): >100°.
Sol in water, ethanol; partially sol in toluene. Insol in kerosene,
ethylene glycol.Derivative
Poloxamer 331.
Nomenclature
Pluronic L101 (BASF). Properties
a = 7, b = 54, c = 7; av. mol wt 3800. Liquid, mp -23°. d2525 1.018;
Brookfield viscosity (25°): 800 cP; cloud pt (10% aq soln): 11°.
Sol in ethanol, toluene. Insol in water, kerosene, ethylene glycol.Derivative
Purified Poloxamer 188.
Nomenclature
Flocor (CytRx). Description and references
Highly purified pharmaceutical grade for intravenous
use; lowers blood viscosity and improves blood flow. Pharmacology:
R. M. Emanuele, Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs 7, 1193-1200 (1998). Clinical trial in sickle cell disease:
E. P. Orringer et al., J. Am.
Med. Assoc. 286, 2099 (2001).
Use
Pharmaceutic aids; food additives; defoamers; antistatic
agents; demulsifiers; detergents, wetting agents, gelling agents;
emulsifiers; foam controllers; dispersants; dye levelers.
Therapeutic Category
Poloxamer 188 as hemorheologic agent.
Therapeutic Category (Veterinary)
Poloxalene in prevention of bloat in
cattle.
Keywords
Poloxamer 188: Hemorheologic Agent