Nomenclature
CAS number: 7681-11-0
Potassium iodide (KI); Jodid (Merck KGaA); Thyroblock (Horner); Thyrojod (Henning).
IK; mol wt 166.00.
I 76.45%, K 23.55%.
KI.
Description and references
Potassium iodide of commerce contains about
99.5% KI. Prepd from HI and KHCO3. Purification by melting
in dry hydrogen: Lingane, Kolthoff, Inorg.
Synth. 1, 163 (1939). Continuous electrolytic
process for large scale industrial prepn: Morylott, Elkins, US 2989450 (1961 to Dow). Toxicity data: Hildebrandt, Arch.
Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 96, 292 (1923). Use
in the treatment of radiation poisoning resulting from a nuclear accident:
W. K. Waterfall, Br. Med. J. 281, 988 (1980); Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med. 57, 395 (1981).
Properties
Colorless or white, cubical crystals, white granules,
or powder. Slightly deliquescent in moist air; on long exposure to
air becomes yellow due to liberation of iodine, and small quantities
of iodate may be formed; light and moisture accelerate the decompn.
Aq solns also become yellow in time due to oxidation, but a small
amount of alkali prevents it. d 3.12. mp 680° (volatilizes at higher temp). One gram dissolves in 0.7 ml
water, 0.5 ml boiling water, 22 ml alcohol, 8 ml boiling alcohol,
51 ml abs alcohol, 8 ml methanol, 75 ml acetone, 2 ml glycerol, about
2.5 ml glycol. Potassium iodide solns readily dissolve elemental
iodine. The aq soln is neutral or, usually, slightly alkaline. pH:
7-9. 30 g KI with 21 ml water gives 30 ml of a saturated soln at
25°. Approx LD i.v. in
rats: 285 mg/kg (Hildebrandt). Incompat. Alkaloidal salts, chloral
hydrate, tartaric and other acids, calomel, potassium chlorate, metallic
salts.Use
Manuf photographic emulsions; in animal and poultry
feeds to the extent of 10-30 parts per million; in table salt as a
source of iodine and in some drinking water; also in analytical chemistry
for iodometric titrations. Reducing agent.
Therapeutic Category
Antifungal; expectorant; iodine supplement.
Therapeutic Category (Veterinary)
In actinobacillosis, actinomycosis.
For simple goiter. As expectorant. In iodine deficiency and in chronic
poisoning with lead or mercury. Orally only, not by injection. Externally
for treatment of bursal enlargements.
Keywords
Antifungal (Synthetic); Expectorant; Replenishers/Supplements; Iodine