Nomenclature
CAS number: 115-07-1
1-Propene; methylethylene; methylethene.
C
3H
6; mol wt 42.08.
C 85.63%, H 14.37%.
Description and references
Obtained from petr oils during the refining
of gasoline. Catalytic or thermal cracking of hydrocarbons always
yields propylene. Can be obtained by catalytic dehydrogenation of
propane. Chronic toxicity studies: J.
A. Quest et al., Toxicol. Appl.
Pharmacol. 76, 288 (1984). Reviews: R. F. Goldstein, The Petroleum Chemicals
Industry (New York-London, 1949) p 114 sqq.; Sherwood, Ind. Chem. 1960, 542-546; Chim. Ind. (Paris) 1961, 576-587; Haney, “Ethylene,
Propylene and 1-Butene” in Vinyl and Diene Monomers, E.
C. Leonard, Ed. (Interscience, New York, 1971) pp 577-689; M. R. Schoenberg et al., in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia
of Chemical Technology vol. 19 (Wiley-Interscience,
New York, 3rd ed., 1982) pp 228-246. Review of carcinogenic risk:
IARC Monographs 60, 161-180
(1994).
Properties
Gas. Flammable. Burns with yellow sooty flame. d 1.49 (air = 1.0). mp (triple pt) -185°. bp760 -48°. Critical temp 91.8°. Critical
pressure 45.6 atm. Heat of fusion 717.6 cal/mol. Liquefies at 7-8
atm. d420 (liq) 0.5139. Flash pt, closed cup: -162.0°F (-108.0°C). Flammable
limits in air: 2.4-10.3% (by volume). Latent heat of vaporization
at bp: 104.62 cal/g. Dipole moment 0.35. nD-40 1.3567. Surface tension at 90°: 16.70 dynes/cm. Shipped as a liquefied
gas in low pressure steel cylinders under its own vapor pressure of ≈136
pounds per square inch. Contaminants are propane, ethane, carbon
dioxide.Caution
Gas may act as a simple asphyxiant
and mild anesthetic. Direct contact with liquid may cause skin burns.
See Patty's Industrial Hygiene
and Toxicology Vol. 2B, G. D. Clayton, F. E.
Clayton, Eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 4th ed., 1994)
p 1244-1245.Use
In polymerized form as polypropylene for plastics
and carpet fibers. Chemical intermediate in the manuf of acetone,
isopropylbenzene, isopropanol, isopropyl halides, propylene oxide,
acrylonitrile, cumene.