Prepd by heating mellitic (benzenehexacarboxylic) acid with KHSO4 and H2SO4: Silberrad, J. Chem. Soc. 89, 1795 (1906) (actually the dianhydride, mp 286°, is obtained by this method). Laboratory prepn from pine or spruce charcoal: Philippi, Thelen, Org. Synth. coll. vol. II, 551 (1943); by oxidation of benzene derivatives contg substituents in the 1,2,4,5 positions: Jacobsen, Ber. 17, 2516 (1884).