Nomenclature
CAS number: 7681-49-4
Sodium fluoride (NaF); Chemifluor (Chemipharm); Duraphat (Woelm); Florocid; Fluoros (Dieckmann); Flura-Drops; Karidium; Lemoflur; Luride-SF (Hoyt); Ossalin (Chemipharm); Ossin (Sulzbach-Neuweiler); Osteo-F (Colgate-Hoyt); Osteofluor (Merck-Clévenot); Slow-Fluoride (Mission Pharmacal); Villiaumite; Zymafluor (Zyma).
FNa; mol wt 41.99.
F 45.25%, Na 54.75%.
NaF.
Description and references
Prepd by fusing cryolite with NaOH; by adding
equiv amounts of NaOH or Na2CO3 to 40% HF (precipitation
is instantaneous and crystal size depends on pH, but too much HF yields
sodium bifluoride, NaHF2): Müller, Chem. Ztg. 52, 5 (1928); Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 2nd
ed., 1963) pp 235-236. Technical grades are 90% and 95% NaF, light
(37 cu in/lb) and dense (23 cu in/lb), and 98%. The impurities are
mainly sodium and aluminum fluosilicates. Pharmacology: Caruso et al., Handb. Exp. Pharmakol. XX (Part 2), F. Smith, Ed. (Springer, Berlin, 1970) pp
144-165. Toxicity: H. F. Smyth et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 30, 470
(1969). Carcinogenicity studies: J. R. Bucher et al., Int. J. Cancer 48, 733 (1991). Review of toxicology: D. W. Banting, J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 122, 86-91
(1991); and human exposure: Toxicological
Profile for Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride, and Fluorine (PB2004-100002, 2003) 404 pp. Review of clinical efficacy in prevention
of dental caries: L. G. Petersson, Caries
Res. 27, Suppl 1, 35-42 (1993); of clinical
experience in osteoporosis: M. Kleerekoper, D. B. Mendlovic, Endocr. Rev. 14, 312-323 (1993).
Properties
Cubic or tetragonal crystals (NaCl lattice). d 2.78. mp 993°. bp 1704°. Poisonous. Soly in water (g/100 ml): 4.0 (15°); 4.3 (25°); 5.0 (100°). Insol
in alc. Aq solns have an alkaline reaction caused by partial hydrolysis.
pH of freshly prepd satd soln 7.4. Aq solns etch glass, but the
dry crystals or powder may be kept in glass bottles. Sodium fluoride
sold as household insecticide must be tinted Nile Blue. LD50 orally in rats:
0.18 g/kg (Smyth).Caution
Potential symptoms of overexposure
by ingestion are salty or soapy taste; salivation, nausea, abdominal
pain, vomiting, diarrhea; dehydration, thirst; sweating; stiff spine;
muscle weakness, tremors; CNS depression; shock; arrhythmia. Direct
contact may cause dermatitis; irritation of eyes, respiratory system.
Potential symptoms of chronic ingestion are mottling of tooth enamel;
osteosclerosis, calcification of ligaments of ribs, pelvis. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical
Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 282; Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al., Eds. (Williams & Wilkins,
Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984) Section III, pp 185-193.Use
As insecticide, particularly for roaches and ants;
in other pesticide formulations; constituent of vitreous enamel and
glass mixes; as a steel degassing agent; in electroplating; in fluxes;
in heat-treating salt compositions; in the fluoridation of drinking
water; for disinfecting fermentation apparatus in breweries and distilleries;
preserving wood, pastes and mucilage; manuf of coated paper; frosting
glass; in removal of HF from exhaust gases to reduce air pollution.
Sequestering agent in analytical chemistry. Dental caries prophylactic.
Therapeutic Category
In treatment of osteoporosis.
Therapeutic Category (Veterinary)
Anthelmintic, pediculicide, acaricide.
Keywords
Antiosteoporotic