Crystals have a spinel structure isomorphous with sodium molybdate(VI), q.v. Mfr: N. T. Gordon, A. F. Spring, Ind. Eng. Chem. 16, 555 (1924). Properties of sodium tungstate derivatives: E. F. Smith, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 44, 2027 (1922). Crystal structure: I. Lindqvist, Acta Chem. Scand. 4, 1066 (1950). Polymerization study: M. L. Freedman, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 2072 (1958). Thermochemistry study: R. L. Graham, L. G. Hepler, ibid. 3538. HPLC and CZE analysis: K. Hettiarachchi et al., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 13, 515 (1995). Pharmacokinetics in rats: S. Le Lamer-Déchamps et al., Int. J. Pharm. 248, 131 (2002). Antidiabetic effects in rats: A. Barberà et al., Diabetologia 44, 507 (2001). Review of toxicity: B. Venugopal, T. D. Luckey, Environ. Qual. Safety, Suppl. 1, 4-73 (1975); of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Tungsten (PB2006-100007, 2005) 203 pp.