Coupling and water removal reagent often used in peptide synthesis. Prepn from n-propylphosphonic dichloride: H. Wissmann, H.-J. Kleiner, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 19, 133 (1980) DOI. Alternate synthetic method: M. Wehner et al., US 060264654 (2006). Synthetic applications: M. Ueda, T. Honma, Polym. J. 20, 477 (1988) DOI; K. S. Crichfield et al., Synth. Commun. 30, 3737 (2000) DOI; J. Hartund, M. Schwarz, Synlett 2000, 371 DOI. Reviews: M. Schwarz, ibid. 1369 DOI; A. L. L. García, ibid. 2007, 1328-1329 DOI.