Reagent used to introduce the 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group to protect amines and alcohols. Derivatizing agent for HPLC fluorescence detection. Prepn and use in amine protection: L. A. Carpino, G. Y. Han, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 5748 (1970) DOI; eidem, J. Org. Chem. 37, 3404 (1972) DOI. Additional functional group protection: C. Gioeli, J. B. Chattopadhyaya, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1982, 672 DOI; T. Johnson et al., ibid. 1993, 369 DOI. Amino acid derivatization, separation, and analysis: S. Einarsson et al., J. Chromatogr. 282, 609 (1983) DOI. Review: R. L. Polt in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis 4, L. A. Paquette, Ed. (Wiley, New York, 1995) pp 2545-2548.