Centrally acting analgesic; combined μ-opioid agonist and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. Prepn: H. Buschmann, EP 693475; eidem, US 6248737; US RE39593 (1996, 2001, 2007 all to Grünenthal). Pharmacology: T. M. Tzschentke et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 323, 265 (2007) DOI PubMed. Absorption, metabolism and excretion study: R. Terlinden et al, Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. 32, 163 (2007) PubMed. Clinical trial in post-surgical dental pain: R. Kleinert et al., Anesth. Analg. 107, 2048 (2008) DOI PubMed; in uncontrolled osteoarthritis: C. Hartrick et al., Clin. Ther. 31, 260 (2009) DOI PubMed.
Analgesic.
Analgesic; Opioids