Appendix VIII O. 2-Ethylhexanoic Acid

Examine by gas chromatography (2.2.28), using 3-cyclohexylpropionic acid R as the internal standard.

Internal standard solution Dissolve 100 mg of 3-cyclohexylpropionic acid R in cyclohexane R and dilute to 100 mL with the same solvent.

Test solution To 0.300 g of the substance to be examined, add 4.0 mL of a 33 per cent V/V solution of hydrochloric acid R. Shake vigorously for 1 min with 1.0 mL of the internal standard solution. Allow the phases to separate (if necessary, centrifuge for a better separation). Use the upper layer.

Reference solution Dissolve 75.0 mg of 2-ethylhexanoic acid R in the internal standard solution and dilute to 50.0 mL with the same solution. To 1.0 mL of the solution add 4.0 mL of a 33 per cent V/V solution of hydrochloric acid R. Shake vigorously for 1 min. Allow the phases to separate (if necessary, centrifuge for a better separation). Use the upper layer.

The chromatographic procedure may be carried out using:

with the following temperature programme:

Inject 1 µL of the test solution and 1 µL of the reference solution.

The test is not valid unless the resolution between the peaks due to 2-ethylhexanoic acid (first peak) and the internal standard is at least 2.0.

Calculate the percentage content of 2-ethylhexanoic acid from the expression: