Entry

H00008                      Disease

Name

Burkitt lymphoma

Supergrp

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma [DS:H02418]
Primary central nervous system lymphoma [DS:H02424]

Description

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma consisting of endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency-associated variants. Endemic BL (eBL) affects children and young adults in Africa and some other geographical areas and carries Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in more than 95% of cases. In contrast, sporadic BL (sBL) among adolescents in Europe and North America are mostly EBV-negative. A third type of BL is associated with HIV-infection in adults. All of these subtypes possess chromosomal rearrangements of the c-myc oncogene, the genetic hallmark of BL that contributes to lymphomagenesis through alterations in cell cycle regulation, cellular differentiation, apoptosis, cellular adhesion, and metabolism. Many BL carry point mutation in the p53 tumor suppressor gene or other defects in the p14ARF-MDM2-p53 pathway, and inactivation of the p16INK4a gene by promoter methylation or homozygous deletion. This indicates that disruption of both the pRb and p53 tumor suppressor pathways is critical for BL development.

Category

Cancer

Brite

Human diseases [BR:br08402]
Cancers
  Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues
   H00008  Burkitt lymphoma
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
  Neoplasms of haematopoietic or lymphoid tissues
   Mature B-cell neoplasms
    2A85  Other specified mature B-cell neoplasms or lymphoma
     H00008  Burkitt lymphoma
Tumor markers [br08442.html]
H00008

Related
pathway

hsa05169

Epstein-Barr virus infection

Network

nt06114  PI3K signaling (viruses)
nt06119  JAK-STAT signaling (viruses)
nt06120  Calcium signaling (viruses and bacteria)
nt06121  TLR signaling (viruses and bacteria)
nt06122  IFN signaling (viruses)
nt06123  TNF signaling (viruses and bacteria)
nt06129  MHC presentation (viruses)
nt06130  Cell cycle (viruses)
nt06131  Apoptosis (viruses and bacteria)
nt06133  RLR signaling (viruses)
nt06140  Transcription (viruses)
nt06150  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (viruses)
nt06165  Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Gene

MYC-IgH (translocation) [HSA:4609] [KO:K04377]
p53 (mutation) [HSA:7157] [KO:K04451]
p16/INK4A (promoter methylation) [HSA:1029] [KO:K06621]

Pathogen

Human herpesvirus 4 (Epstein-Barr virus) [GN:T40079]
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) [GN:T40001]

Drug

Cyclophosphamide [DR:D00287]

Other DBs

ICD-11:

2A85.6

ICD-10:

C83.7

MeSH:

D002051

Reference

PMID:12191637

Authors

Lindstrom MS, Wiman KG.

Title

Role of genetic and epigenetic changes in Burkitt lymphoma.

Journal

Semin Cancer Biol 12:381-7 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S1044-579X(02)00058-5

Reference

PMID:15803153

Authors

Kuppers R.

Title

Mechanisms of B-cell lymphoma pathogenesis.

Journal

Nat Rev Cancer 5:251-62 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1589

Reference

PMID:16062089

Authors

Patel P, Moazzam N, Potti A, Mehdi SA.

Title

Azathioprine induced hodgkin lymphoma: a case report and review of literature.

Journal

Am J Clin Oncol 28:427-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1097/01.coc.0000168670.28659.8d

Reference

PMID:15760280

Authors

Schottenfeld D, Beebe-Dimmer JL.

Title

Advances in cancer epidemiology: understanding causal mechanisms and the evidence for implementing interventions.

Journal

Annu Rev Public Health 26:37-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144402

Reference

PMID:15660110

Authors

Luch A.

Title

Nature and nurture - lessons from chemical carcinogenesis.

Journal

Nat Rev Cancer 5:113-25 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrc1546

Reference

PMID:12464351

Authors

Kolman A, Chovanec M, Osterman-Golkar S.

Title

Genotoxic effects of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin in humans: update review (1990-2001).

Journal

Mutat Res 512:173-94 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S1383-5742(02)00067-4

Reference

PMID:17530489

Authors

Abnet CC.

Title

Carcinogenic food contaminants.

Journal

Cancer Invest 25:189-96 (2007)
DOI:10.1080/07357900701208733

DISEASE: Burkitt lymphoma