One of the two toxic antibiotic principles produced by Pseudomonas cocovenenans on partially defatted coconut; the other being toxoflavin, q.v. Name derived from “bongkrek”, a molded coconut product from Indonesia which becomes highly poisonous when P. cocovenenans outgrows the mold. Isoln: van Veen, Mertens, Rec. Trav. Chim. 53, 257 (1934); 54, 373 (1935); Nugteren, Berends, ibid. 76, 13 (1957). Purification and properties: Lijmbach et al., Tetrahedron 26, 5993 (1970). Structural studies: eidem, ibid. 27, 1839 (1971). Revised structure: De Bruijn et al., ibid. 29, 1541 (1973). Absolute configuration: Zylber et al., Experientia 29, 387, 648 (1973). Influence on carbohydrate metabolism: van Veen, Mertens, Arch. Neerl. Physiol. 21, 73 (1936), C.A. 30, 38809 (1936); inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocation: Henderson, Lardy, J. Biol. Chem. 245, 1319 (1970); Klingenberg et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 39, 363 (1970).