Nomenclature
CAS number: 109-74-0
Butanenitrile; propyl cyanide; butyric acid nitrile.
C
4H
7N; mol wt 69.11.
C 69.52%, H 10.21%, N 20.27%.
Description and references
Prepd from 1-butanol by controlled cyanation
with NH3 at 300° in the presence of Ni‐Al2O3 catalysts: Popov, Shuikin, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Otd. Khim. Nauk 1958,
713-718, C.A. 52, 19924
(1958). Toxicity: H. F. Smyth et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 23, 95
(1962).
Properties
Liquid. d40 0.8091; d415 0.7954; d430 0.7817.
mp -112°. bp760 117.5°; bp400 96.8°; bp200 76.7°; bp100 59.0°; bp60 47.3°; bp40 38.4°; bp20 25.7°; bp10 13.4°; bp5 2.1°; bp1.0 -20.0°. nD20 1.38385. Flash pt, open cup: 85°F (29°C). Viscosity
(η × 105) at 15° = 624; at 30° = 515. Dipole moment 3.5.
Flammable, poisonous. Sparingly
sol in water. Misc with alcohol, ether, dimethylformamide. LD50 orally in rats:
0.14 g/kg (Smyth).Caution
Potential symptoms of overexposure
are irritation of eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, dizziness,
weakness, giddiness, confusion, convulsions; dyspnea; abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting. See NIOSH Pocket
Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p
44.