2598. Croton Oil

Description and references

Fixed oil expressed from seeds of Croton tiglium L., Euphorbiaceae. Constit. Croton resin; glycerides of stearic, palmitic, myristic, lauric, tiglic, etc. acids; crotin; phorbol esters, q.v. Review: Hecker, Schmidt, Fortschr. Chem. Org. Naturst. 31, 377 (1974).

Properties

Pale-yellow or brownish-yellow, rather viscid liq; slight disagreeable odor. Poisonous. d2525 0.935-0.950. nD40 1.470-1.473. Sapon no. 205-220. Iodine no. 102-118. Slightly sol in alcohol, increasing with age. Freely sol in chloroform, ether, oils, petr ether, carbon disulfide, glacial acetic acid. Keep well closed and protected from light.

Caution

Potential symptom of overexposure is hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. Direct contact may cause vesiculation, necrosis and sloughing of skin. See Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al., Eds. (William & Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984) Section II, p. 228.

Use

Has been used as an irritant and cocarcinogen in cancer research.

Therapeutic Category

Cathartic, counterirritant.

Therapeutic Category (Veterinary)

Formerly used as a counterirritant and a purgative.