Nomenclature
CAS number: 7758-98-7
Sulfuric acid copper(2+) salt (1:1); copper(II) sulfate.
CuO
4S; mol wt 159.61.
Cu 39.81%, O 40.10%, S 20.09%.
CuSO
4.
Description and references
Occurs in nature as the mineral hydrocyanite. Commercial preparation of pentahydrate: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York,
4th ed., 1975) pp 280-284; other prepns: Gmelins, Copper (8th ed.) 60B, 491-560 (1958).
Toxicity: Smyth et al., Am. Ind.
Hyg. Assoc. J. 30, 470 (1969).
Properties
Grayish-white to greenish-white rhombic crystals
or amorphous powder. On heating dec above 560°. d 3.6. Hygroscopic. Sol in water.
Practically insol in alcohol. Keep tightly
closed.Derivative
Monohydrate.
Nomenclature
CAS number: 10257-54-2
Dried cupric sulfate.
CuSO
4.H
2O; mol wt 177.62.
Cu 35.78%, S 18.05%, O 45.04%, H 1.13%.
Properties
Hygroscopic, almost white powder. Sol in water.
Practically insol in alcohol. Keep tightly
closed.Derivative
Pentahydrate.
Nomenclature
CAS number: 7758-99-8
Bluestone; blue vitriol; Roman vitriol; Salzburg vitriol.
CuSO
4.5H
2O; mol wt 249.69.
Cu 25.45%, S 12.84%, O 57.67%, H 4.04%.
Properties
Occurs in nature as the mineral chalcanthite. Large, blue or ultramarine, triclinic crystals or blue
granules or light-blue powder. Slowly efflorescent in air. Loses
2H2O at 30°, 2 more H2O at 110°; becomes anhydr
by 250°. d415.6 2.286. Very sol in water; sol in methanol, glycerol;
slightly sol in ethanol. pH of 0.2 molar aq soln 4.0. LD50 orally in rats: 960 mg/kg (Smyth).Caution
A strong irritant.
See also Copper.
Use
Anhydr salt for detecting and removing trace amounts
of water from alcohols and other organic compds; as fungicide. Pentahydrate
as agricultural fungicide, algicide, bactericide, herbicide; food
and fertilizer additive; in insecticide mixtures; in manuf of other
Cu salts; as mordant in textile dyeing; in prepn of azo dyes; in preserving
hides; in tanning leather; in preserving wood; in electroplating solns;
as battery electrolyte; in laundry and metal-marking inks; in petroleum
refining; as flotation agent; pigment in paints, varnishes and other
materials; in mordant baths for intensifying photographic negatives;
in pyrotechnic compositions; in water-resistant adhesives for wood;
in metal coloring and tinting baths; in antirusting compositions for
radiator and heating systems; as reagent toner in photography and
photoengraving; etc.
Therapeutic Category
Antidote to phosphorus; antifungal (topical); copper supplement.
Therapeutic Category (Veterinary)
Nutritional factor. Used in copper deficiency
of ruminants. Has also been used as an anthelmintic, emetic, fungicide.
Keywords
Antiseptic/Disinfectant; Replenishers/Supplements; Copper