From roots of Tephrosia toxicaria Pers., leaves of Tephrosia vogelii Hook f., Leguminosae, and from derris and cubé roots: H. L. Haller, F. B. LaForge, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 56, 2415 (1934); E. Brierly, H. J. Smith, J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 20, 840 (1968). Structure: Clark, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 54, 3000 (1932). Stereoselective synthesis: P. B. Anzeveno, J. Org. Chem. 44,2578 (1979). Total synthesis of racemate: Fukami et al., Agric. Biol. Chem. 25, 252 (1961); Omokawa, Yamashita, ibid. 38, 1731 (1974). Stereochemical studies: Djerassi et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 1448.