5208. Isopropyl Alcohol

Properties

Liquid with slight odor resembling that of a mixture of ethanol and acetone. Slightly bitter taste (not potable!). mp 88.5°; fp 89.5°. bp₇₆₀ 82.5°; bp₄₀₀ 67.8°; bp₂₀₀ 53.0°; bp₁₀₀ 39.5°; bp₆₀ 30.5°; bp₄₀ 23.8°, bp₂₀ 12.7°; bp₁₀ 2.4°; bp₅ 7.0°; bp_1.0 26.1°. d₄²⁰ 0.78505; d₄²⁵ 0.78084; d₄⁸³ 0.728. Flash pt, closed cup: 11.7°C (53°F). Autoignition temp 455.6°C (852°F). Lower explosive limit in air: 2.5% (v/v). n_D⁸ 1.3852; n_D¹⁵ 1.3802; n_D²⁰ 1.37723; n_D²⁵ 1.3749. Absorption spectrum: Brode, J. Phys. Chem. 30, 61 (1926). Flammable. Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, chloroform. Insol in salt solns. May be recovered from aq mixtures by salting out with sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, etc. Forms an azeotrope with water (bp₇₆₀ 80.37°, d₄⁰ 0.83361) isopropanol 87.7% (w/w). Freezing points of mixtures with water (v/v, per cent by volume): Isopropanol 15% = 3.3°; 25% = 6.7°; 30% = 8.3°; 35% = 11.1°; 40% = 13°; 45% = 17.8°; 50% = 23°; 60% = 32°. LD₅₀ orally in rats: 5.8 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter).

Caution

Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, nose and throat; drowsiness, dizziness and headache; dry cracking skin. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 180.