A liquid wax ester mixture extracted from ground or crushed seeds from Simmondsia chinensis and S. californica Nutt. Buxaceae, desert shrubs native to Arizona, California, and northern Mexico: Greene, Foster, Bot. Gaz. 94, 826 (1933); Green et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1936, 1750; McKinney, Jamieson, Oil Soap (Chicago) 13, 289 (1936). Similar to sperm whale oil, it is composed essentially of C20 and C22 straight chain monoethylene acids and alcohols in the form of esters: Molaison et al., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 36, 379 (1959); Miwa, ibid. 48, 259 (1971). Solvent effects in extraction: Knoepfler et al., ibid. 36, 644 (1959). Comparison of sulfurized jojoba and sperm whale oils as high pressure lubricants: T. K. Miwa et al., ibid. 56, 765 (1979). Potential chemical utilization studies: Fore et al., ibid. 37, 387 (1960); J. D. Johnson, C. W. Hinman, Science 208, 460 (1980). Possible uses: J. H. Brown, Manuf. Chem. 50(6), 47 (1979). Reviews: Knoepfler, Vix, J. Agric. Food Chem. 6, 118 (1958); Products from Jojoba: A Promising New Crop for Arid Lands, Committee on Jojoba Utilization, Natl. Res. Council, 1975; Jojoba: New Crop for Arid Lands, New Raw Material for Industry Natl. Res. Council, 1985.