Indirect acting sympathomimetic agent related to amphetamine, q.v.. Exists as four isomers, (±)-trans and (±)-cis; the latter being the drug of abuse. Prepn: G. I. Poos et al., J. Med. Chem. 6, 266 (1963); G. I. Poos, US 3161650 (1964 to McNeil Labs). Synthesis and chemical properties of isomers: R. F. X. Klein et al., J. Forensic Sci. 34, 962 (1989). Structure-activity comparison of isomers: R. A. Glennon, B. Misenheimer, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 35, 517 (1990). Mechanism of action study with behavioural effects: K. Batsche et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 269, 1029 (1994). Metabolism in rats: G. L. Henderson et al., J. Anal. Toxicol. 19, 563 (1995). Neurochemical effects: Y. Zheng et al., J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 49, 89 (1997).