Nomenclature
CAS number: 10022-50-1
FNO
2; mol wt 65.00.
F 29.23%, N 21.55%, O 49.23%.
Description and references
Credit for original prepn by the spontaneous
combustion of nitric oxide in an atm of fluorine is given to Moissan,
Lebeau, Compt. Rend. 140, 1573, 1621 (1905); more easily prepd by mixing nitrogen dioxide
and fluorine: Ruff et al., Z.
Anorg. Allg. Chem. 208, 298 (1932); Faloon,
Kenna, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 2937 (1951). Reviews of prepn and chemistry: Hoffman,
Neville, Chem. Rev. 62, 1-18 (1962); Kwasnik in Handbook of Preparative
Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed.
(Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1963) pp 186-187; Kemmitt, Sharp, Adv. Fluorine Chem. 4, 195-196
(1965); Woolf, ibid. 5, 1-30 (1965); Schmutzler, Angew. Chem. Int.
Ed. 7, 440-455 (1968).
Properties
Colorless gas. Pungent odor. Attacks mucous
membranes. mp -166.0°. bp -72.4°. d (liq at bp) 1.796. d (solid) 1.924.
Trouton const 21.2. May be stored in quartz ampuls if cooled in
liquid oxygen. Purification can be accomplished by fractional distillation
at reduced press. in dry glass or quartz apparatus. Rapidly hydrolyzed
in water to form nitric and hydrofluoric acids. Powerful oxidizing
agent, with fluorinating powers; slightly weaker than fluorine. Absorbs
mercury completely. Spontaneously ignites iodine, selenium, phosphorus
(red and white), arsenic, antimony, boron, silicon, thorium, molybdenum.
On mild warming attacks lead, bismuth, chromium, manganese, iron,
nickel, tungsten, sulfur, charcoal. Does not react readily with hydrogen
in the cold. Converts ethanol to ethyl nitrate; benzene to nitrobenzene.Use
Oxidizer in rocket propellants; fluorinating agent.