8605. Sodium Cyanide

Nomenclature

CAS number: 143-33-9
Sodium cyanide (Na(CN)); cyanogran.
CNNa; mol wt 49.01.
C 24.51%, N 28.58%, Na 46.91%.
NaCN.

Description and references

This cyanide of commerce is 95-98% pure. Mixtures of sodium cyanide with sodium chloride or carbonate for special uses are also marketed. Toxicity study: Smyth et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 30, 470 (1969). Review of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Cyanide (PB98-101207, 1997) 291 pp.

Properties

White granules or fused pieces. Poisonous. Odorless when perfectly dry; somewhat deliquesc in damp air and emits slight odor of HCN. mp 563°. Freely sol in water, slightly in alcohol. The aq soln is strongly alkaline and rapidly decomposes; the soln readily dissolves gold and silver in presence of air. Keep well closed. LD50 orally in rats: 15 mg/kg (Smyth).

Caution

Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes and skin; weakness, headache and confusion; nausea, vomiting; increased rate of respiration; slow gasping respiration; asphyxia; thyroid and blood changes. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 282.

Use

Extracting gold and silver from ores; electroplating baths; case hardening steel by liquid nitriding; manuf hydrocyanic acid and other cyanides. Complexing agent in analytical chemistry.