Nomenclature
CAS number: 7803-52-3
Antimony hydride.
H
3Sb; mol wt 124.78.
H 2.42%, Sb 97.58%.
SbH
3.
Description and references
Conveniently prepd by dissolving zinc-antimony
or magnesium-antimony alloy in dil HCl: Hurd, Chemistry of the Hydrides (Wiley, New York, 1952) p 132.
Detailed directions (including prepn of the alloy from powdered Sb
and Mg): Schenk in Handbook of Preparative
Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed.
(Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1963) pp 606-608. Review of preparative
methods: Jolly, Norman, “Hydrides of Groups IV and V” in Preparative Inorganic Reactions vol.
4, W. L. Jolly, Ed. (Interscience, New York, 1968) pp 1-58.
Properties
Colorless gas. Poisonous;
flammable. Disagreeable odor. mp 88°. bp 18.4°. d 2.204 g/ml at bp. Heat of formation +34.68 kcal/mole: Gunn, Green, J. Phys. Chem. 65, 779 (1961).
Thermally less stable than arsine. Dec slowly on standing at room
temp. Quickly destroyed at 200°. The decomposition products are
hydrogen and metallic antimony, generally deposited in the form of
a mirror. The gas is slightly sol in water. Freely sol in alcohol,
carbon disulfide, other organic solvents. Lethal concn in air for
mice: about 100 ppm.Caution
Potential symptoms of overexposure
are headache, weakness; nausea, abdominal pain; lumbar pain, hemoglobinuria,
hematuria and hemolytic anemia; jaundice; pulmonary irritation. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical
Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 284.Use
Has been used as fumigating agent.