Nomenclature
CAS number: 79-01-6
Trichloroethene; ethinyl trichloride; Tri-Clene (DuPont); Trilene (Zeneca); Trichloren; Algylen; Trimar; Triline; Trethylene; Westrosol; Chlorylen (Schering); Gemalgene; Germalgene.
C
2HCl
3; mol wt 131.39.
C 18.28%, H 0.77%, Cl 80.95%.
Cl
2C=CHCl.
Description and references
Prepn from sym-tetrachloroethane
by elimination of HCl (by boiling with lime): DE 171900; by passing tetrachloroethane
vapor over CaCl2 catalyst at 300°: DE 263457; without catalyst at 450-470°:
GB 575530 (1946 to du Pont). Physical properties: E. W. McGovern, Ind. Eng. Chem. 35, 1230 (1943); S. A. Mumford,
J. W. C. Phillips, J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 75. Review of mfg processes: S. A. Miller, Chem. Process Eng. 47, 268 (1966); Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York,
4th ed., 1975) pp 844-848. Toxicity data: H. S. Smyth et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 30, 470 (1969). Review of carcinogenic risk: IARC Monographs 20, 545-572 (1979);
B. L. Van Duuren, Environ. Res. 49, 333 (1989). Review of use as anesthetic: J. V.
Farman, Br. J. Anaesth. 53, Suppl. 3, 3S-9S (1981). Review of metabolism, toxicity and carcinogenicity:
J. V. Bruckner et al., Crit. Rev.
Toxicol. 20, 31-50 (1989); of toxicology and
human exposure: Toxicological Profile for
Trichloroethylene (PB98-101165, 1997) 335 pp. Series
of articles on toxicology and risk assessment: Environ. Health Perspect. 108, Suppl. 2, 159-366
(2000).
Properties
Nonflammable, mobile liquid. Characteristic odor
resembling that of chloroform. Poisonous.
Use with adequate ventilation. d44 1.4904; d415 1.4695; d420 1.4642; d425 1.4559. Vapor density: 4.53 (air = 1.00).
mp 84.8°. bp760 86.9°; bp400 67.0°; bp200 48.0°; bp100 31.4°; bp60 20.0°; bp20 1.0°; bp10 12.4°; bp5 22.8°; bp1.0 43.8°; nD17 1.47914; nD20 1.4775; nD25 1.45560. Soly in water (25°): 0.11 g/100
g. Misc with ether, alcohol, chloroform. Dissolves most fixed and
volatile oils. Slowly dec (with formn of HCl) by light in the presence
of moisture. Preserve in sealed, light-resistant containers; avoid
prolonged exposure to excessive heat. Medicinal trichloroethylene
may contain thymol as a preservative; industrial grades may contain
stabilizers such as triethylamine. LD50 orally in rats: 4.92 ml/kg; LC (4 hrs)
in rats: 8000 ppm (Smyth).Caution
Potential symptoms of overexposure
are headache, vertigo; visual disturbance, fatigue, giddiness, tremors,
somnolence, nausea and vomiting; irritation of eyes, skin; dermatitis;
cardiac arrhythmias, paresthesia; liver injury. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH
97-140, 1997) p 316. See also Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology vol. 2B, G. D. Clayton, F. E. Clayton, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, 3rd ed.,
1982) pp 3553-3560; Clinical Toxicology of
Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al., Eds. (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984) Section
II, pp 165-166. This substance is reasonably anticipated to be a
human carcinogen: Report on Carcinogens,
Eleventh Edition (PB2005-104914, 2004) p III-261.Use
Solvent for fats, waxes, resins, oils, rubber, paints,
and varnishes. Solvent for cellulose esters and ethers. Used for
solvent extraction in many industries. In degreasing, in dry cleaning.
In the manuf of organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, such as chloroacetic
acid.
Therapeutic Category
Anesthetic (inhalation).
Therapeutic Category (Veterinary)
Anesthetic (inhalation).
Keywords
Anesthetic (Inhalation)