Nomenclature
CAS number: 69-93-2
7,9-Dihydro-1
H-purine-2,6,8(3
H)-trione; 8-hydroxyxanthine; purine-2,6,8-triol; purine-2,6,8(1
H,3
H,9
H)-trione; 2,6,8-trioxypurine.
C
5H
4N
4O
3; mol wt 168.11.
C 35.72%, H 2.40%, N 33.33%, O 28.55%.
Description and references
Discovered by Scheele and independently by
Bergman in 1776. It forms the chief end-product of the nitrogenous
metabolism of birds and of scaly reptiles and is found in their excrement;
present in the urine of all carnivorous animals. Prepn from urea:
Bills et al., J. Org. Chem. 27, 4633 (1962). Role in biological processes: Bishop,
Talbott, Pharmacol. Rev. 5, 231 (1953).
Properties
White, odorless, tasteless crystals; dec by heat
without melting and with evolution of HCN. d 1.89. One gram dissolves in about 15,000
parts cold water, about 2000 parts boiling water; sol in glycerol,
in solns of alkali hydroxides, their carbonates, sodium acetate and
sodium phosphate. Insol in alcohol, ether. Gives murexide reaction.