Description and references

Cardiotonic steroid constituent of Ch'an Su (also called Senso), a galenical preparation of the dried venom of the Chinese toad, Bufo bufo gargarizans. Isoln and characterization: M. Kotake, K. Kuwada, Sci. Papers Inst. Phys. Chem. Res. Jpn. 36, 106 (1939), C.A. 33, 7304⁹ (1939); K. Meyer, Helv. Chim. Acta 32, 1238 (1949). Structure: K. Kuwada, J. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 60, 335 (1939), C.A. 35, 51123⁹ (1941). Prepn from resibufogenin, q.v.: H. Kondo, S. Ohno, US 3134772 (1964); from digitoxigenin, q.v.: G. R. Pettit et al., US 3687944 (1972). Total synthesis: F. Sondheimer et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 1228 (1969). Additional syntheses: G. R. Pettit et al., J. Org. Chem. 35, 2895 (1970); Y. Kamano, G. R. Pettit, ibid. 38, 222 (1973); E. Yoshii et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 25, 2249 (1977); K. Wiesner et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 66, 2632 (1983). Pharmacology: S. Yoshida, T. Sakai, Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 23, 859 (1973); 24, 97 (1974).

Properties

Derivative