From Menispermum dauricum DC., and M. canadense L., Menispermaceae: Kondo, Narita, J. Pharm. Soc. Japan no. 542, 279 (1927); C.A. 21, 2700 (1927); Manske, Can. J. Res. 21B, 17 (1943). Structure: Kondo et al., Ber. 68, 519 (1935); Kondo, Tomita, Arch. Pharm. 274, 65 (1936); Inubushi, Niwa, J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. 72, 762 (1952); C.A. 47, 6430e (1953). Total synthesis: Kametani, Fukumoto, J. Chem. Soc. 1965, Suppl. 2, 6141.