One of the biologically active forms of vitamin B12, q.v.; differing only by the substitution of a methyl for the cyano group. Coenzyme required in the biosynthesis of methionine from homocysteine. Identification as requirement for methionine biosynthesis by E. coli: R. L. Kisliuk, D. D. Woods, Biochem. J. 75, 467 (1960) PubMed; J. R. Guest et al., Nature 195, 340 (1962) DOI PubMed. Prepn: O. Müller, G. Müller, Biochem. Z. 336, 299 (1962); D. Dolphin, Methods Enzymol. 18, Pt. C, 34 (1971); D. Autissier et al., Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1980, part 2, 192. Interrelationship with folate metabolism: B. Shane, E. L. R. Stokstad, Annu. Rev. Nutr. 5, 115-141 (1985) DOI PubMed. General review: “Vitamin B12” in Vitamins, W. Friedrich, Ed. (de Gruyter, Berlin, 1988) pp 837-928. Review of role in methyltransferase reactions: R. G. Matthews, Acc. Chem. Res. 34, 681-689 (2001) DOI PubMed. Review of clinical experience in treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia and peripheral neuropathy: Y.-F. Zhang, G. Ning, Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs 17, 953-964 (2008) DOI PubMed.
Vitamin; enzyme cofactor. In treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia and peripheral neuropathy.
Vitamin/Vitamin Source; Vitamin B12; Enzyme Cofactor