7445. α-Pinene
Nomenclature
Description and references
Obtained from oil of turpentine which contains 58-65% α-pinene along with 30% β-pinene, q.v.: E. Gildemeister, F. Hoffmann, Die "atherischen Ole Band IV (Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 4th ed., 1956) p 39. α-Pinene in North American oils is dextrorotatory, in most European oils it is levorotatory. Constituent of many volatile oils. Isoln of d-α-pinene from Port Oxford cedar wood oil (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Parl., Pinaceae): Thurber, Roll, Ind. Eng. Chem. 19, 739 (1927). Isoln of l-α-pinene from mandarin peel oil (Citrus reticulata Blando, Rutaceae): Kugler, Kováts, Helv. Chim. Acta 46, 1480 (1963). Total synthesis of α- and β-forms: Komppa, Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. A59, 3 (1943), C.A. 41, 425 (1947); Thomas, Fallis, Tetrahedron Lett. 1973, 4687; eidem, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 98, 1227 (1976). Review: Palmer, Ind. Eng. Chem. 34, 1028 (1942); J. L. Simonsen, The Terpenes vol. II (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2nd ed., 1949) pp 105-191; D. V. Banthorpe, D. Whittaker, Chem. Rev. 66, 643-654 (1966); Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 16, Suppl. I, 853-857 (1978).
