9170. Terpinene
C10H16; mol wt 136.23.
C 88.16%, H 11.84%.
Description and references
Mixture of three isomeric hydrocarbons: α-terpinene and γ-terpinene which occur naturally and β-terpinene which has been prepd synthetically. Isoln of α-terpinene from cardamom and marjoram oils: Weber, Ann. 238, 101 (1887); Beltz, Ber. 32, 996 (1899). Isoln of α-terpinene from oils of Mosla japonica, M. grosserrata and Cupressus macrocarpa: Richter, Wolff, Ber. 60, 477 (1927); Briggs, Sutherland, J. Org. Chem. 7, 397 (1942). Prepn of β-terpinene from sabinine: Wallach, Ann. 357, 64 (1907); 362, 285 (1908). Structure: Wallach, ibid. 362, 293 (1908). Review: J. L. Simonsen, The Terpenes vol. I (University Press, Cambridge, 2nd ed., 1947) pp 172-193.
Derivative
α-Terpinene.Properties
Oil, pleasant odor of lemons. bp 173.5-174.8°; bp13.5 65.4-66°, d419.6 0.8375. nD20 1.4784. Practically insol in water. Miscible with alcohol, ether.Derivative
β-Terpinene.Properties
Oil, bp 173-174°. d22 0.838. nD22 1.4754.Derivative
γ-Terpinene.Properties
Oil, bp 183°. d415 0.853. nD15.6 1.4754.Derivative
Dihydrochloride.C10H18Cl2; mol wt 209.16.
C 57.42%, H 8.67%, Cl 33.90%.