Description and references

A hypothalamic neurohormone which stimulates the release and synthesis of TSH, q.v., from the anterior pituitary via the hypophyseal portal system; the first of the hypothalamic regulatory hormones to be isolated, characterized, and synthesized. Isoln from bovine hypothalami: Schreiber et al., Experientia 18, 338 (1962); Schally et al., Endocrinology 78, 726 (1966). Purification from ovine hypothalami: Guillemin et al., C. R. Seances Acad. Sci. Ser. D 262, 2278 (1966). Isoln from porcine hypothalami and properties: Schally et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 25, 165 (1966); Schally et al., J. Biol. Chem. 244, 4077 (1969). Structural studies: Folkers et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 37, 123 (1969); Burgus et al., C. R. Seances Acad. Sci. Ser. D 269, 226 (1969). Identity of isolated TRH with synthetic tripeptide: Burgus et al., ibid. 1870; Bowers et al., Endocrinology 86, 573, 1143 (1970). Solubility: Burgus et al., Experientia 23, 417 (1967). Synthesis: Flouret, J. Med. Chem. 13, 843 (1970); Chang et al., ibid. 14, 481 (1971); E. Gross et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 12, 664 (1972); P. G. Pietta et al., J. Org. Chem. 39, 44 (1974). Review of synthetic methods: Rivier, Methods Enzymol. 37, 408 (1975). TRH is also believed to induce the secretion of the pituitary lactogenic hormone, prolactin, q.v.: Tasjian et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 43, 516 (1971); Bowers et al., ibid. 51, 512 (1973). It has been shown to block and reverse leukotriene-induced hypotension in the unanesthetized guinea pig: W. E. Lux et al., Nature 302, 822 (1983). Clinical studies: Hershman, N. Engl. J. Med. 290, 886 (1974). Reviews of TRH and other hypothalamic releasing hormones: Schally et al., Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 24, 497 (1968); Burgus, Guillemin, Annu. Rev. Biochem. 39, 499 (1970); Polypeptide Hormones, R. F. Beers, E. G. Bassett, Eds. (Raven Press, New York, 1980) pp 165-278.

Properties

Derivative