Woody, flowering shrub, Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R. Br., Fabaceae, also known as Lessertia frutescens. Widely used in African traditional medicine as anticancer, anti-infective, antidiabetic, immunostimulant, anxiolytic, and tonic. Habit. Southern Africa. Constit. Free amino acids: asparagine, proline, arginine, canavanine, γ-aminobutyric acid; pinitol; flavonoids; cycloartane glycosides known as sutherlandiosides. Chromatographic analysis of constituents and antiproliferative activity: J. Tai et al., J. Ethnopharmacol. 93, 9 (2004) DOI PubMed. Isoln of sutherlandiosides: X. Fu et al., J. Nat. Prod. 71, 1749 (2008) DOI PubMed. Anti-HIV activity: S. M. Harnett et al., J. Ethnopharmacol. 96, 113 (2005) DOI PubMed. Clinical pharmacology and safety: Q. Johnson et al., PLoS Clin. Trials 2, e16 (2007) DOI. Review of taxonomy, constituents, and medicinal uses: B.-E. van Wyk, C. Albrecht, J. Ethnopharmacol. 119, 620-629 (2008) DOI PubMed.